Imaging Journal of Clinical and Medical Sciences
Exclusive Image Gallery on Human Spinal Cord Regeneration-Clinical Image-30
MD, PhD, Untere Kirchmatte 6, CH-6207 Nottwil, Switzerland
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Schalow G (2019) Exclusive Image Gallery on Human Spinal Cord Regeneration-Clinical Image-30. Imaging J Clin Medical Sci. 2019; 6(1): 030-030. Available from: 10.17352/2455-8702.000069
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© 2019 Schalow G. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Direct comparison of secondary muscle spindle afferent activity and motoneuron activity between the brain-dead human HT6 with a synergy of the bladder (A) and the paraplegic 9 with a dyssynergia of the bladder (B).
A. Simultaneous measurements of activities of secondary muscle spindle afferents (a), parasympathetic preganglionic motoneurons (b) and oscillatory firing (high activity mode) of a sphincter motoneuron innervating the striated anal sphincter (c). Note that with the transient activity increase of the parasympathetic fibers (b) the secondary muscle spindle afferent fiber increased strongly its activity (a) for minutes, and the oscillatory firing sphincter motoneuron discontinued its oscillation (c) to reduce strongly its activity. bladder 3x = 3 times bladder catheter pulling. T ext. anal sphincter mot. = oscillation period of the sphincter α2-motoneuron innervating the anal sphincter. For further details, see Chapter V of [1].
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A. Simultaneous measurements of activities of secondary muscle spindle afferents (a), parasympathetic preganglionic motoneurons (b) and oscillatory fi ring (high activity mode) of a sphincter motoneuron innervating the striated anal sphincter (c). Note that with the transient activity increase of the parasympathetic fi bers (b) the secondary muscle spindle afferent fi ber increased strongly its activity (a) for minutes, and the oscillatory fi ring sphincter motoneuron discontinued its oscillation (c) to reduce strongly its activity. bladder 3x = 3 times bladder catheter pulling. T ext. anal sphincter mot. = oscillation period of the sphincter 2-motoneuron innervating the anal sphincter. For further details, see Chapter V of [1].
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